In Big data testing QA engineers verify the successful processing of terabytes of data using commodity cluster and other supportive components. It demands a high level of testing skills as the processing is very fast. Processing may be of three types
- Batch
- Real Time
- Interactive
Along with this, data quality is also an important factor in big data testing. Before testing the application, it is necessary to check the quality of data and should be considered as a part of database testing. It involves checking various characteristics like conformity, accuracy, duplication, consistency, validity,data completeness,etc.
Big Data Testing can be broadly divided into three steps:
Step 1: Data Staging Validation
The first step of big data testing, also referred as Pre-Hadoop stage involves process validation.
- Data from various source like RDBMS, weblogs etc. should be validated to make sure that correct data is pulled into system.
- Comparing source data with the data pushed into the Hadoop system to make sure they match.
- Verify the right data is extracted and loaded into the correct HDFS location
Step 2: "Map Reduce"Validation
The second step is a validation of "Map Reduce". In this stage, the tester verifies the business logic validation on every node and then validating them after running against multiple nodes, ensuring that the
- Map Reduce process works correctly
- Data aggregation or segregation rules are implemented on the data
- Key value pairs are generated
- Validating the data after Map Reduce process
Step 3: Output Validation Phase
The final or third stage of Big Data testing is the output validation process. The output data files are generated and ready to be moved to an EDW (Enterprise Data Ware-house ) or any other system based ont he requirement.
Activities in third stage includes
- To check the transformation rules are correctly applied
- To check the data integrity and successful data load into the target system
- To check that there is no data corruption by comparing the target data with the HDFS file system data
Architecture Testing
Hadoop processes very large volumes of data and is highly resource intensive. Hence, architectural testing is crucial to ensure success of your Big Data project. Poorly or improper designed system may lead to performance degradation, and the system could fail to meet the requirement. At least, Performance and Fail-Over test services should be done in a Hadoop environment.
Performance testing includestesting of job completion time, memory utilization, data throughput and similar system metrics. While the motive of Failover test service is to verify thatdata processing occurs seamlessly in case of failure of data nodes
Performance Testing
Performance Testing for Big Data includes following actions
- Data ingestion and Throughout: In this stage, the tester verifies how the fast system can consume data from various data source. Testing involves identifying different message that the queue can process in a given time frame. It also includes how quickly data can be inserted into underlying data store for example insertion rate into a Mongo and Cassandra database.
- Data Processing: It involves verifying the speed with which the queries or map reduce jobs are executed. It also includes testing the data processing in isolation when the underlying data store is populated within the data sets. For example running Map Reduce jobs on the underlying HDFS
- Sub-Component Performance: These systems are made up of multiple components, and it is essential to test each of these components in isolation. For example, how quickly message is indexed and consumed, map reduce jobs, query performance, search, etc.
